Design optimization of hightemperature superconducting. An ac loss model for high temperature superconductors is also presented. The transformer windings were layer wound using bi2223 hts tape from american superconductors. Cryogenic thermal studies on cryocoolerbased helium. The invention discloses an automatic liquid supplementation device of a high temperature superconducting transformer. An important advantage of transformers with high temperature superconducting winding is their ability to limit the shortcircuit currents. The final design of the high temperature superconducting partial core transformer and fault current limiter is then presented. High temperature superconducting cables are defined as are the different types, warm dielectric and cryogenic dielectric. A new 15kva, 230230v high temperature superconducting partial core transformer was designed, built and tested. Bednorz, a new interest for power application studies appeared.
Cryogenic cooling technologies, for cooling to ln 2 temperature, have also sufficiently matured for such applications. In this paper, we designed and fabricated four different types of htstft based on double sided ybco thin film and measured their. This document describes the 630 kva hts transformer project made by abb jointly with edf and asc. A high temperature superconducting fault current limiter sfcl can be solution to reduce the level of shortcircuit current during fault. Abstract the chapter provides an overview of power applications of high temperature superconductivity hts with emphasis on superconducting transformers. Comparison of the efficiency of superconducting and. Fault current limiting high temperature superconducting. The modelling was used to predict the performance of the transformer. The transformer was designed purely as a proof of concept, rather than as a unit that would be put into service. I assume the hts stands for high temperature superconductor. Since the discovery of high temperature superconductors htsc in 1986 by k. The method to diagnose local abnormalities in windings of. Abstract superconducting power system apparatus is of considerable interest to the electrical power.
A novel thin film transformer based on double sided yba 2 cu 3 o 7. Distribution transformers have inherently high efficiencies of up to 99%, however they. Design and analysis of a high temperature superconducting. However, the lower leakage reactance of hts transformers results in a higher shortcircuit fault currents and electromagnetic forces. High temperature superconducting hts transformers, defined by high current density hts conductors and liquid nitrogen dielectric, have many potential advantages over conventional oilimmersed transformers, such as smaller, lighter, more efficient, low fire and environmental hazard, overload capability without reduction in lifetime, low output. Request pdf hightemperature superconducting hts transformers for power grid applications this chapter discusses hightemperature superconducting hts transformers with an emphasis on the.
The advantages of such transformers regarding the losses and the construction volume are far well known. High temperature superconducting power transformers. Therefore, optimization of shortcircuit electromagnetic. Hts high temperature superconducting hv high voltage ieee institute of electrical and electronics engineers. A low voltage, mains frequency, partial core, high. High temperature superconducting demonstrator transformer. Request pdf development of high temperature superconducting transformers for railway applications we describe the high temperature superconducting hts transformer project run by siemens.
Introduction in recent years, electrification of automobiles is in progress. Electrical power engineering, school of electronics and computer science. Pdf a lowvoltage, mains frequency, partial core, high. As for passenger vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles have been popular, and some massproduction models of pure electric vehicles have appeared for consumer use. High temperature superconducting hts transformers have remarkable appealing advantages over conventional ones. But higher brittleness of hts windings with respect to copper windings makes hts transformers more vulnerable in short circuit and inrush current situations. The transformer utilizes a unique core design called partial core. The issues with building the superconducting transformer are outlined. Development of hightemperature superconducting motor for. The purpose of this study is to propose a modeling method of the equivalent circuit for a new type of high temperature superconducting partialcore transformer htspct made of rebcocoated conductors. A superconducting transformer coil 2 is arranged inside a liquid nitrogen dewar 1 of the superconducting transformer.
We studied the technical design targets of high temperature superconducting hts large capacity transformers through the design of 3phase 66 kv100 mva transformers, expecting further performance progress of hts tapes. Superconductivity is the set of physical properties observed in certain materials, wherein electrical resistance vanishes and from which magnetic flux fields are expelled. A conceptual design of a 240mva hts grid autotransformer is summarised and principal features discussed. The project started april 1994 and its goal was to manufacture a real scale superconducting distribution transformer and to operate it during one year in the grid of genevas utility sig. The partial core was a slug of laminated silicon steel. Their application to domestic power supply is also explained as are the reasons why they will become the standard method of power distribution. Saturated iron core sfcl, uses ltss where inductivesfcl and resistivesfcl are usually designed by htss. Any material exhibiting these properties is a superconductor. Hightemperature superconducting hts transformers for. A new 15 kva, 230230v high temperature superconducting partial core transformer was designed, built and tested.
Noe, high temperature superconducting power applications to meet major challenges in energy systems kitenergy centre table of content major challenges in power systems power applications cables fault current limiters rotating machines transformers smes summary benefits. Recent laboratory breakthroughs in high temperature superconducting hts materials have stimulated both the scientific community and general public with questions regarding how these materials can be used in practical applications. Index terms high temperature superconductors, optimization methods, power transformers. One of the interesting applications is the use of high temperature superconducting hts windings for power transformers. First, a copper mockup of the superconducting transformer was designed where the mockup would have the same tape and winding dimensions. The modelling was used to predict the performance of the transformer as well as the ac losses of the high temperature superconductor. A low voltage, mains frequency, partial core, high temperature, superconducting transformer pat bodger wade enright vincent ho department of electrical and computer engineering university of canterbury pb4800, christchurch, new zealand pat. The impedance components in the circuit are obtained by the calculations of the core.
The windings are layer wound with first generation bi2223 high temperature superconductor. The reverse design model is discussed followed by the model parameters that are used in designing the high temperature superconducting partial core transformer. High temperature superconducting hts coated conductors in utility power transformers must satisfy a set of operating requirements that are driven by two major considerationshts transformers must be economically competitive with conventional units, and the conductor must be robust enough to be used in a commercial manufacturing environment. Design requirements of a high temperature superconducting. The method to diagnose local abnormalities in windings of high temperature superconducting transformer during load changing keisuke sakemoto, toshiki kubo, akifumi kawagoe kagoshima university, 12140 kohrimoto, kagoshima city and 865, japan abstract we propose a new monitoring system for high temperature superconducting transformers.
University of southampton, southampton so17 1bj, uk. While there are obvious benefits from using hts materials most notably the potential for reduced energy losses in the. A transformer of that type operates in the same way as a low temperature superconductor. An experimental high temperature superconducting transformer. Properties and applications leibnizinstitut for solid state and materials research dresden ruben huhne ifw dresden institute for metallic materials superconducting materials group 2 outline high temperature superconductors htsc. High temperature superconducting partial core transformers. High temperature superconductivity conductivity 106 better than copper current density 10 times larger than in copper windings cheap technology often compared to water cooling great potential in electric power applications generators, motors, fault current limiters, transformers, flywheels, cables, etc. Field modelling and optimisation of a high temperature superconducting synchronous generator with a coreless rotor. Ieeepes transformers committee fall 2012 meeting milwaukee, wisconsin usa fault current limiting high temperature superconducting transformers technical presentation thursday, october 25, 2012 by russell neal, sam mehta and others 1. Analysis of the processes of shortcurrents limiting by. Unlike an ordinary metallic conductor, whose resistance decreases gradually as its temperature is lowered even down to near absolute zero, a. Cn102426464a automatic liquid supplementation device of. The goal of this work is the comparison of the efficiency and the annual energy losses of a superconducting from 2g high temperature superconductors and conventional transformer. Design requirements of a high temperature superconducting transformer.
The project started april 1994 and its goal was to manufacture a real scale superconducting distribution transformer and to operate it during one year in the grid of genevas. The development of high temperature superconducting hts power transformers has made remarkable progress in recent years. Furthermore, in early 1987 tanaka 7 pointed shoji tanaka director general superconductivity research laboratory 110 shinonome kotoku, tokyo 50062, japan hightemperature superconductivity. A high temperature superconducting cable system cooled by helium circulation was recently demonstrated at the florida state university center for advanced power systems, the mass flow rate used in the application was in the same range as obtained by the circulation system described in this study. During tap changer operation, appreciable asymmetry and nonuniform. A new 15kva, 230230 v, high temperature superconducting, partialcore transformer has been designed, built, and tested. Introduction the development of high temperature superconducting power apparatus has made remarkable progress during the last several years. Hightemperature superconducting power applications to.
The calculations of the loaddependent efficiency for both transformers are performed referring to a real case application of a power transformer in a power plant. The transformer was designed as a mock up of a proposed high temperature superconducting transformer, but with aluminium windings. The paper provides an overview of power applications of high temperature superconductivity hts with emphasis on superconducting transformers. Superconducting transformer design and construction. Pdf an experimental high temperature superconducting. A new design of a 15kva single phase full core superconducting transformer, operating in liquid nitrogen, is presented. High temperature superconducting transformers eprints soton. Multisegment winding application for axial short circuit. Modeling and verification of the equivalent circuit for.
It then examines the stateoftheart in lts transformer development during the last decade and the status of high temperature superconducting hts transformer and conductor development. The superconducting technology presents nowadays an innovation in the area of the electrical power supply. The main benefits of hts transformers are reduced size, weight, energy. Development of high temperature superconducting power. Hightemperature superconducting transformer performance. High temperature superconducting partial core transformer. This article shows that an hts transformer costing three times the cost of a conventional transformer looks more attractive on the basis of 30. The article discusses a physicomathematical model that analyses transient processes at shortcircuit currents in electrical networks containing transformers with a high temperature superconducting winding. High temperature superconducting hts transformers have a promising feature in reduction of total weight, total size, and the losses of largescale distribution transformers. Hts transformer windings design using distributive ratios. High temperature superconducting transmission cables. All superconducting materials known at ordinary pressures currently work far. Each superconductor has its own maximum magnetic field and current density at any particular temperature, so there are practical differences between them.
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